Romain di Stasi, Ph.D.

Ethologist · PhD in Psychology · Researcher

Uncertainty & curiosity Humor & learning Music & social behaviours Human developement & animal Ethology Bayesian statistics

About

I am an ethologist and hold a PhD in Psychology.

My research focuses on how environmental predictability shapes curiosity and learning, and on how surprise-induced arousal promotes learning. I also investigate the impact of humour and positive emotions on infant learning, with a focus on underlying mechanisms. Another line of research examines how regular musical practice relates to prosocial behaviour and academic performance in school-aged children. Additionally, I contribute to studies on musical preferences in non-human animals, as well as research on human communication with cats and dogs.

I am currently a postdoctoral researcher working on how uncertainty influences curiosity in infants and non-human primates, structured in three work packages. WP1 is an experimental study with infants (18–24 months) examining the relationship between uncertainty and curiosity. I will use a wearable device (Empatica EmbracePlus) to measure electrodermal activity (EDA; index of arousal) and heart rate variability (HRV; index of attention), along with an AI tool developed with Dr Fabien Cerrotti to automatically detect facial expressions of surprise. The aim is to test whether surprise, arousal, and vagal-related attention mediate the link between uncertainty and curiosity. WP2 is a comparative study, in collaboration with several zoological parks, involving three non-human primate species to test the evolutionary continuity of the Goldilocks effect. WP3 uses a two-step modelling approach. First, I will integrate the effect sizes obtained in WP1 and WP2 into a structural equation model (SEM) to formalize the relationships between uncertainty, surprise, arousal, and attention. Second, this model will be implemented in an artificial agent (AI) to test its predictive validity, with the goal of evaluating whether an AI governed by this model exhibits curiosity patterns comparable to those observed in infants and non-human primates.

Research interests

  • Curiosity
  • Surprise
  • Bayesian statistics
  • Arousal and learning
  • HRV and vagus nerve activity
  • Humour and learning
  • Infant humour development
  • Music and academic/social outcomes
  • Human and non-human ethology
  • Comparative psychology

Contact

Office
30, Av. A. Depage, 1050 Bruxelles – Bâtiment D (DB 10 156).
Address
Center for Research in Cognition & Neurosciences (CRCN) , Département de Psychologie et de Logopédie, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1000 Bruxelles, Belgique.

Projects

CUBE-SD

CUBE-SD project logo

CUBE-SD examines how uncertainty fuels curiosity in infants and non-human primates. By combining behavioural, physiological, and comparative approaches, the project aims to better understand how curiosity emerges and supports learning.

EmoLearn

EmoLearn project logo

EmoLearn explores how emotions, such as humour and positive affect, support learning in infancy. The project investigates how emotional contexts shape attention, engagement, and learning during early development.

Publications

The impact of humor on infant social learning: Insights from social gaze, heart rate variability, and laughter. OA
di Stasi, R., Esseily, R., Cerrotti, F., & Rat-Fischer, L. (2025)
Cognitive Development, 74, 101575. Without direct APC costs to the authors (Accord Couperin).
Do Cockatiels Choose Their Favourite Tunes? Use of Touchscreen for Animal Welfare Enhancement and Insights into Musical Preferences. OA
Le Covec, M., di Stasi, R., Aimé, C., Bouet, L., Watanabe, S., & Bovet, D. (2024)
Animals, 14(24), 3609. Open access (APC waived by the publisher).
Human perception of cats' communicative cues: human-cat communication goes multimodal.
de Mouzon, C., di Stasi, R., & Leboucher, G. (2023)
Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 270, 106137.
How's my kitty? Acoustic parameters of cat-directed speech in human-cat interactions.
de Mouzon, C., Gilbert, C., di Stasi, R., & Leboucher, G. (2022)
Behavioural Processes, 203, 104755.

Preprints

Unveiling Infant Surprise in a Social Context: A Multidimensional Analysis of Physiological, Behavioural, and Facial Expression Markers.
di Stasi, R., Cerrotti, F., Esseily, R. & Rat-Fischer, L. (2026)
Preprint on SSRN. An alternate version is available on OSF: https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/kshw3_v1

Grants

IN-WBI Excellence Fellowship – A+ (highest) rating, awarded. Granted based on academic merit, research relevance, and scientific excellence; selection panel included representatives of WBI, F. R.S.-FNRS, and DGO6. Funding starts on 1 November 2025 for 12 months (€25,500/year), renewable for one additional year.

Conference & seminar presentations

From humour to curiosity: How surprise, arousal, and attention shape learning.
di Stasi, R. (2025, November). CS4S Lab Seminar, Center for Cognition & Neurosciences (CRCN), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
How humor, laughter, positive emotions and surprise shape infant social learning: Exploring attentional and physiological mechanisms.
di Stasi, R., Esseily, R., & Rat-Fischer, L. (2025, April). CONNEX Seminar, CRCN, ULB, Brussels, Belgium.
[French] Influence de l'humour, du rire et des émotions positives sur l'apprentissage social des nourrissons.
di Stasi, R., Esseily, R., & Rat-Fischer, L. (2024, December). UNESCOG Lab Meeting, CRCN, ULB, Brussels, Belgium.
[French] Rôle de l'humour, du rire et des émotions positives sur l'apprentissage social chez les nourrissons
di Stasi, R., Esseily, R., & Rat-Fischer, L. (2024, December). SFECA Dyscord Jeune Chercheur. se. s., Paris, France
Unveiling infant surprise: a comprehensive analysis of physiological, behavioral, and facial expression markers.
di Stasi, R., Esseily, R., Cerrotti, F., & Rat-Fischer, L. (2024, December). XXIV ICIS Symposium, Glasgow, UK.
Surprise Unveiled: Decoding Infant Reactions through Physiological, Behavioral, and Facial Expressions.
di Stasi, R., Esseily, R., Cerrotti, F., & Rat-Fischer, L. (2024, June). Workshop on positive emotions and learning in infants, Paris, France.
[French] Humour et apprentissage chez le bébé : faut-il les faire rire pour qu'ils apprennent ?
di Stasi, R., Esseily, R., Cerrotti, F., & Rat-Fischer, L. (2023, April). Cognitive Sciences Forum, Paris, France.
Humour may enhance social learning in infants in a tool use learning task.
di Stasi, R., Esseily, R., Cerrotti, F., & Rat-Fischer, L. (2023, January). Budapest CEU Conference on Cognitive Development, Budapest, Hungary.
Combining behavioral and physiological analyses to study the effects of humor on infants' learning.
di Stasi, R., Esseily, R., Cerrotti, F., & Rat-Fischer, L. (2022, October). GDR French BabyLab 2022 Congress, Paris, France.
Humorous demonstration may enhance social learning in infants in a tool use learning task.
di Stasi, R., Esseily, R., & Rat-Fischer, L. (2022, July). XXIII ICIS 2022 Developmental Cascades Congress, Ottawa, Canada.
[French] Introduction Presentation to open science.
di Stasi, R. (2021, June). EPN-R Federation Research Day Symposium, Nanterre, France.
[French] Rôle des émotions dans les apprentissages avec une approche multidimensionnelle : le cas de l'humour chez le bébé.
Rat-Fischer, L., di Stasi, R., Esseily, R. (2022, April). EPN-R Federation Research Day Symposium, Nanterre, France.
[French] Le rôle de l'humour dans le développement socio-cognitif du jeune enfant.
Rat-Fischer, L., di Stasi, R., Esseily, R. (2021, October).

Poster presentations

What roles do uncertainty, surprise, and arousal play in infants’ curiosity?
di Stasi, R., Kabdebon, C., Delhaye, Q., & de Heering, A. (2026, January). The 16th annual BCCCD Conference - BCCCD26, Budapest, Hungary.
How do uncertainty and surprise shape exploration in infants?
di Stasi, R., Kabdebon, C., Delhaye, Q., & de Heering, A. (2025, November). NeuroCog conference, Brussels, Belgium.
Curiosity in the face of the uncertainty: a developmental and comparative approach between infants and non-human primates.
di Stasi, R., Kabdebon, C., Delhaye, Q., & de Heering, A. (2025, May). Belgian Association for Psychological Sciences, Brussels, Belgium.
How does uncertainty modulate infants' curiosity?
di Stasi, R., Kabdebon, C., Delhaye, Q., & de Heering, A. (2025, May). 10th UNI General Meeting, Brussels, Belgium.
[French] Humour et apprentissage chez le bébé : faut-il les faire rire pour qu'ils apprennent ?
di Stasi, R., Esseily, R., Fakhri, A., & Rat-Fischer, L. (2023, April). Forum des Sciences Cognitives, Paris, France.
Positive Emotional Reactions and Arousal Have a Positive Influence on Infants' Learning.
di Stasi, R., Esseily, R., Fakhri, A., & Rat-Fischer, L. (2023, March). International Convention of Psychological Science (ICPS).
The effect of humour on social learning in infants in a tool use task.
di Stasi, R., Esseily, R., Fakhri, A., & Rat-Fischer, L. (2021, December). 4th International Student Course in Behavioural Biology, Institut Francilien d'Ethologie, Villetaneuse, France.
Musical preferences in cockatiels: consonant or dissonant music?
di Stasi, R., Le Covec, M. & Bovet, D. (2019, September). 3rd International Student Course in Behavioural Biology, Institut Francilien d'Ethologie, Villetaneuse, France.
Does social contingency enhance category learning and modulate attention-related markers in 12-month-old infants?
Boulanger, R., di Stasi R., Goupil L., de Heering, A. (2026, January). The 16th annual BCCCD Conference - BCCCD26, Budapest, Hungary.
Influence of Affiliation on Social Learning of Tool Use In A Humorous Context in 18-Month-old Infants.
Kergus C., Beauvallet A. F., Thobois J., di Stasi, R., Gauthier E, Cathala I, Esseily R, Rat-Fischer L. (2024, May). 53ème Colloque de la Société Française pour l'Etude du Comportement Animal, Albi, France.
[French] Influence of Affiliation on Social Learning of Tool Use In A Humorous Context in 18-Month-old Infants.
Gauthier E., di Stasi, R., Esseily R., Rat-Fischer L. (2023, April). Forum des Sciences Cognitives, Paris, France.
Vocal Communication in human-cat relationship.
De Mouzon, C., Gilbert, C., di Stasi, R. & Leboucher, G. (2021, June). EPN-R Federation Research Day Symposium, Nanterre, France.
Individual musical preferences in cockatiels.
Le Covec M., Bouet L., di Stasi, R. & Bovet D. (2019, September) 3rd International Student Course in Behavioural Biology, Institut Francilien d'Ethologie, Villetaneuse, France.

Teaching activity

Introductory course on Bayesian Statistics [in French]

1 December 2025, 1 hour.
Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. Second year of master's degree.

This course introduced Bayesian statistics to master's students and was structured in three parts. First, we covered Bayes' theorem, its reformulation by Laplace, and the role of priors in Bayesian statistics. Second, we introduced likelihood and maximum-likelihood estimation for linear and generalized linear regression and contrasted it with Bayesian inference using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) to estimate a posterior distribution rather than a single point estimate. Third, I illustrated the Bayesian approach using a simple example based on the binomial distribution.

Research and Clinical Interviewing Methods [in French]

1 September 2024 to 31 December 2024, 48 hours.
Université Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France. Second year of Bachelor.

This course aimed to introduce students to various interview techniques, including clinical and research interviews, as well as methods to foster a strong therapeutic alliance. I introduced fundamental concepts essential for building this alliance, such as empathy, and presented research defining cognitive and affective empathy, as well as cognitive and affective theory of mind. To provide students with practical tools for conducting effective interviews, I covered various probing techniques, including Cunji's '4 R's.' We also discussed the distinctions between clinical and research interviews.

As part of this course, I supervised second-year psychology students on a research project. Working in groups of four or more, they were tasked with conducting multiple interviews, including exploratory and semi-structured interviews, followed by content analysis. Finally, they submitted a scientific report detailing the findings from these interviews.

Observation Methodology (Human and Non-Human Ethology) [in French]

1 September 2023 to 31 December 2024, 120 hours.
Université Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France. First year of Bachelor.

The objective of this course was to guide first-year psychology students (L1) through an observational project. At the end of the semester, they were required to submit a scientific report in the format of an academic article, including an Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, and Discussion sections. Students were free to choose their own topic but were required to design a coherent ethogram to address their hypothesis/hypotheses. In their introduction, they were expected to present both their general and operational hypotheses, as well as their results and interpretations. Additionally, they had to calculate an inter-observer reliability score to validate their ethogram. The observational project could focus on either human or non-human animals and had to be presented in a 15-page document, including the bibliography.

Before submitting their final report, students delivered an oral presentation of their project, allowing me to provide guidance on writing their report. My role was to support them throughout the project, explain the differences between dependent and independent variables, as well as between general and operational hypotheses. I also provided theoretical lessons to clarify the requirements for each section of the report and directed them toward feasible observational protocols that could be completed within a four-month period.

Infant Developmental Psychology [in French]

1 January 2022 to 30 April 2024, 90 hours.
Université Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France. Second year of Bachelor.

During these courses, I supervised a developmental psychology research project for several groups, each composed of two second-year undergraduate students, over 12 sessions of 1.5 hours each. The students were required to recruit an infant for two sessions, design an experimental protocol including an ethogram, and analyze their results.

Subsequently, they were tasked with producing a 25-page report (including an introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion, and conclusion) and presenting their findings to me. I provided step-by-step guidance throughout the process, as they had to submit four intermediate reports before the final version. For each of these submissions, I provided detailed feedback to ensure they could complete their final report under optimal conditions.

Adolescent Developmental Psychology [in French]

1 September 2023 to 31 December 2023, 96 hours.
Université Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France. Third year of Bachelor.

The course focused on adolescent development, with discussions based on academic texts. I enriched the students' reflections by providing complementary theoretical insights and encouraging them to adopt a critical perspective on the articles. Topics covered included cognitive development, the psychosocial effects of puberty, and the importance of attachment quality.

The materials studied consisted of book chapters and articles, in both English and French, sourced from peer-reviewed journals. The course explored Piagetian theories of formal operations, brain development as revealed through imaging techniques (e.g., fMRI), and studies on attachment in both humans and non-human species. We highlighted the robustness of attachment theory from both phylogenetic and ontogenetic perspectives, examining research conducted on adolescents.

Neuroanatomy for Psychology Students [in French]

1 January 2021 to 30 April 2023, 88 hours.
Université Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France. Second year of Bachelor.

This course focuses on the different components of the central nervous system. It begins with an overview of the various cells that make up the nervous system (glial cells and neurons), including its formation during embryogenesis. Subsequent sessions explore the main structures of the nervous system, such as the spinal cord, brainstem, and cerebellum, concluding with a discussion of the components involved in sensory and motor functions.

Life Sciences (Tutorials for Students in Teaching, Education, and Training Careers) [in French]

1 January 2021 – 31 March 2023, 58 hours.
Université Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France. First and second year of master's degree.

This course is composed of several subfields. It includes a module on the components of biodiversity, discussing various groups of animal and plant species. We also cover the theory of evolution, embryogenesis, and nutrition. Additionally, we explore different approaches to teaching life sciences in the classroom with a pedagogical focus.

In another module, I evaluated presentations (master's level, M2) where students designed and presented a lesson or pedagogical sequence for teaching life sciences to primary school students. Another component of the course was the "Read, Speak, Write" module, where I prepared first-year master's students for their teaching certification exams, specifically for the life sciences section.

Professional training delivered

Bayesian statistics – Theory and Practice [in French]

19th to 20th of June 2025, 9 hours.
Université Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France. For PhD and postdoctoral students.

8-hour workshop delivered to researchers (doctoral, postdoctoral, lecturer, or professor level). The workshop was divided into two parts: a theoretical introduction and a practical session.

The theoretical part explained the fundamentals of Bayesian statistics, including Bayes' theorem, the concept of priors, and the historical reasons why frequentist statisticians long excluded Bayesian methods. I began by introducing priors using a simple example based on binomial theory. I then demonstrated how, in Bayesian statistics, the slope of a regression line is estimated using the concept of maximum plausibility rather than simply relying on the least squares method. Finally, I introduced the brms package and explained how to perform simple linear regression using the brm function. We discussed how to evaluate the quality of parameter estimation and how to conduct post hoc contrast analyses.

The second part of the workshop was a 5-hour practical session. During this session, I guided participants through hands-on exercises that utilized the brms package to define priors, fit models, and assess model quality.

Review activity

Two reviews for Cognition (peer-reviewed journal)

    July 2025 September 2025

Budapest CEU Conference on Cognitive Development (BCCCD)

    Reviewed 7 abstracts for the BCCCD 2024

PhD Day at Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

    Reviewed 4 abstracts for the PhD Day 2026

Social and political activities

Member of the EPN-R Federation Council
Jan 2021 – Dec 2024 | Université Paris Nanterre, France

Member of the EPN-R Federation Council (a federation of seven research laboratories in Psychology, Movement Sciences - STAPS, and Neurosciences). As a council member, I was required to attend federation meetings every two months to participate in votes and decisions regarding its operations and research activities.

Representative of PhD students at LECD laboratory
1 Jan 2024 – 14 Jun 2024 | Université Paris Nanterre, France

Representative of PhD students at my PhD's laboratory (Laboratoire Ethologie Cognition Développement, LECD). In this role, I was required to attend laboratory council meetings every two months and to participate in decision-making and voting processes.

Member of the organizing committee for the EPN-R federation's Research Day
1 Jan 2021 – 14 Apr 2023 | Université Paris Nanterre, France

Member of the organizing committee for the EPN-R federation's Research Day (research colloquium for all laboratories in the federation), three years running. This annual colloquium brings together all researchers in the federation, with oral presentations in the morning and poster sessions in the afternoon. It was held on 4 June 2021, 15 April 2022, and 14 April 2023.

Public Engagement and Dissemination

Fête de la science (Festival of Science)
14 Oct 2022 – 15 Oct 2023 | Université Paris Nanterre, France

Presentation of the EmoLearn project on the influence of humor on infant learning at the Paris Nanterre University Festival of Science, Friday 14th and Saturday 15th October 2022, Friday 13th and Saturday 14th October 2023.

Journée d'étude (Study days) Haute École Spécialisée de Suisse occidentale (Hes. so) - Valais Wallis
5 May 2022 – 5 Nov 2022 | HES-SO Valais-Wallis, Sion, Switzerland

Oral presentations on the development of humor in infants and its implications for learning, delivered at Hes.so study days in Sion, Switzerland, on November 5, 2022, and May 10, 2022.

Interview - Louie Media
15 Feb 2022 | Paris, France

Interview with Louie Media journalist Lena Coutrot on February 15, 2022, about the development of baby humor and our EmoLearn research project. The podcast was published on April 4, 2022.

Student supervision

Supervised 17 trainees in ethology and psychology (from Bachelor's to Master's level). Served as a jury member for three master's theses and four pre-thesis projects. See my Europass profile for full details.